1. The general Japanese sources used in the preparation of this section are:
SWPA Hist Series, II, 461-64; 14th
Area Army Tr Org List; Japanese
Studies in WW II, No. 125, Philippine Area Naval Opns, pt. IV, pp. 29-32; Asano
Statement, States, I, 94-95; Hashimoto Statement, States, I, 278-81; Colonel
Koboyashi Statement, States, II, 250-52; Kayashima Statement, States, II,
157-70.
2. Additional information on the counterattack effort is from: 1st Cav Div
G-2 Summary Luzon, pp. 12-15; 112th RCT Rpt Luzon, pp. 6-8; 1st Cav Div Rpt
Luzon, pp. 13-14; 7th Cav Rpt Luzon, pp. 13-14; 1st Cav Div G-2 Jnl, 15-20 Feb
45; 8th Cav Rpt Luzon, Novaliches Water Shed Phase, pp. 1-2; 2d Cav Brig Rpt
Luzon, pp. 6-7.
3. G-2 GHQ FEC, Intelligence Activities in the Philippines During the
Japanese Occupation, 10 Jun 48, pp. 87-88, in OCMH files.
4. Detailed information on the Mabato Point action is to be found in: 11th
A/B Div Rpt Luzon, pp. 6, 17, 29; 11th A/B Div G-3 Per Rpts, 19-23 Feb 45; 1st
Bn 187th Gli Inf Chron Narrative MIKE VI
Opn, p. 9.
5. Information on the Fort McKinley actions is from: XIV Corps Rpt Luzon,
pt. I, pp. 94-96, 99, 227-29; 11th A/B Div Rpt Luzon, pp. 6, 17, 29; 11th A/B
Div G-3 Per Rpts, 13-20 Feb 45; 5th Cav Rpt Luzon, pp. 14-17; 12th Cav Rpt
Luzon, p. 11; 188th Inf Rpt Luzon, pp. 8-9.
On 13 February, during the attack toward Fort McKinley from the south, Pfc.
Manuel Perez, Jr., of Company A, 511th Parachute Infantry, won the Medal
of Honor for heroic action in
reducing Japanese pillboxes that had held up the advance of his company.
6. Further details of the methods of fighting employed south of the Pasig
are to be found in XIV Corps, Japanese Defense of Cities, pp. 2, 10, 13-14,
19-23.
7. The general sources for U.S. operations described in this chapter are:
XIV Corps Rpt Luzon, pt. I, pp. 89-113; XIV Corps, Japanese Defense of Cities, passim; 37th
Div Rpt Luzon, pp. 37-77; 37th Div G-3 Per Rpts, 10-23 Feb 45; 1st Cav Div Rpt
Luzon, Narrative, pp. 4-14; Wright, 1st
Cavalry Division in WW II, pp.
130-33; 1st Cav Div G-3 Opns Rpts, 12-26 Feb 45; 1st Cav Brig Rpt Luzon, pt. I,
pp. 2-6; 1st Cav Brig S-3 Per Rpts, 12-23 Feb 45; 37th Div G-3 Jnls and Jnl
Files, 10-23 Feb 45; 1st Cav Div G-3 Jnl, 10-26 Feb 45; 2d Cav Brig Jnl Files,
10-23 Feb 45; XIV Corps Arty Rpt Luzon, pp. 11-12; 37th Div Arty Rpt Luzon, pp.
9-10; 1st Cav Div Arty Rpt Luzon, pt. II, Chron Rcd, pp. 5-15; ibid., pt.
III, Unit Jnl, 10-23 Feb 45.
8. Additional material on 5th and 12th Cavalry operations is from: 12th Cav
Rpt Luzon, pp. 8-14; 12th Cav Unit Rpts, 12-23 Feb 45; 5th Cav Rpt Luzon, pp.
10-27; 5th Cav S-3 Per Rpts, 12-23 Feb 45; 5th Cav S-2/S-3 Jnl, 12-23 Feb 45.
9. About half the wounded were returned to duty without hospitalization.
10. XIV Corps Opns Memo 19, 16 Feb 45, in file of corps opns memos; XIV
Corps FO 7, 17 Feb 45, Sixth Army G-3 Jnl File Luzon, 16-18 Feb 45; 37th Div
Opns Memo 7, 17 Feb 45, XIV Corps G-3 Jnl File. 17-18 Feb 45; 12th Cav Rpt
Luzon, pp. 11-12.
11. 12th Cav Unit Rpt 19, 19 Feb 45.
12. Personal observation of the author. In April 1945 the old wing was
repaired and here, ultimately, were domiciled many male officers of GHQ SWPA,
though one floor was given over to WAC officers assigned to that headquarters.
No attempt was made to repair the new wing during the war.
13. 129th Inf Rpt Luzon, p. 6. Additional material on 129th Infantry
operations in this chapter is from: 129th Inf Rpt Luzon, pp. 7-9; 129th Inf Hist
1810-1945, pp. 62-66; 129th Inf S-3 Per Rpts, 10-23 Feb 45; 129th Inf Regtl Jnl,
10-23 Feb 45.
14. Additional information on tank action is from 754th Tank Battalion
Report Luzon, Phase VI, Battle of Manila.
15. Additional information in this chapter on 145th Infantry operations is
from: 145th Inf Rpt Luzon, pp. 20-29; 145th Inf S-3 Per Rpts, 12-23 Feb 45;
145th Inf S-1 and S-3 Jnls, 12-23 Feb 45; 716th Tank Bn Rpt Luzon, Assault Gun
Platoon Action in Manila.
16. GHQ SWPA ultimately used the west wing--repaired by mid-April--for
office space during the headquarters' stay in Manila.
17. Additional information on the Post Office fight came from: Milton
Comments, 15 Dec 56; Beightler Comments, 18 Mar 57.
18. Additional information on 148th Infantry operations is from: 148th Inf
Rpt Luzon, pt. I, pp. 6-9; 148th Inf S-1 and S-3 Per Rpts, 12-23 Feb 45; 148th
Inf S-3 Jnl, 12-23 Feb 45.
19. Almost all information on the 148th Infantry's mortar and artillery
support comes from the regimental S-3 reports. See also 140th FA Bn Unit Jnl,
12-23 Feb 45; 140th FA Bn S-3 Per Rpts, 12-23 Feb 45.
20. General Beightler, commenting on this passage, called it "a misstatement
of fact" and an "attempt to belittle the 37th Division." Beightler Comments, 18
Mar 57. The author's account is based upon the 5th Cavalry's records: 5th Cav
Rpt Luzon, p. 17; 5th Cav S-2/S-3 Jnl, 19 Feb 45; 5th Cav S-2 Per Rpt 14, 19-20
Feb 45; 5th Cav S-3 Per Rpts 15 and 16, 18-19 and 19-20 Feb 45. The 148th
Infantry records contain no information on the point.
21. The claim probably includes dead found within the building.
22. No reliable figures for the 5th Cavalry's non-battle casualties can be
found in available records, but it appears that they were in proportion to those
of the 148th Infantry.
23. The three companies had entered the fight with an average understrength
of 43 men, making the net loss during the battle 32 men per company. The 5th
Cavalry's troops were also understrength, but no usable figures can be found.
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